- For A.C.R.E. military titles, see C.O.R.E. Ranks.
- See also A.C.R.E. Employee Generator.
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Leadership[]
The A.C.R.E. Corporation is controlled by a Board of Directors. All Directors are heads of their own departments and have equal voting rights on board meetings. Directors are former nobles who have given up their noble titles, most often due to a lack of opportunity for advancement. Some also give up their titles due to a feeling of not fitting in with their house.
Members of the nobility who join A.C.R.E. are placed in upper management positions, from which they have the opportunity to advance to Director. While there is no official barrier to Directors of plebeian origin, this is an exception. Advancement from middle to upper management without nobility requires truly exceptional talent.
Senior Management[]
The highest-level executives in senior management usually have titles beginning with "chief" forming what is often called the C-Suite. The traditional three such officers are chief executive officer (CEO), chief operations officer (COO), and chief financial officer (CFO). Depending on the management structure, titles may exist instead of, or be blended/overlapped with, other traditional executive titles, such as president, various designations of vice presidents (e.g. VP of marketing), and general managers.
Certain other prominent positions have emerged, some of which are sector-specific. For example, CEO and chief risk officer (CRO) positions are often found in many types of financial services companies. Technology companies of all sorts now tend to have a chief technology officer (CTO) to manage technology development. A chief information officer (CIO) oversees IT (information technology) matters, either in companies that specialize in IT or in any kind of company that relies on it for supporting infrastructure.
Many companies now also have a chief marketing officer (CMO), particularly mature companies in competitive sectors, where brand management is a high priority. A chief value officer (CVO) is introduced in companies where business processes and organizational entities are focused on the creation and maximization of value. A chief administrative officer may be found in many large complex organizations that have various departments or divisions. Additionally, many companies now call their top diversity leadership position the chief diversity officer (CDO). However, this and many other nontraditional and/or lower-ranking titles (see below) are not universally recognized as corporate officers, and they tend to be specific to particular organizational cultures or the preferences of employees.
Specific corporate officer positions[]
- Chairman to the board – The Chairman reports to the board of directors, which in turn elects and removes the officers of a the corporation and oversees the human, financial, environmental and technical operations of a corporation.
- A CEO may also hold the title of chairman, resulting in an executive chairman. In this case, the board frequently names an independent member of the board as a lead director.
- Executive chairman – the chairman's post may also exist as an office separate from that of CEO, and it is considered an executive chairman if that titleholder wields influence over company operations.
- Non-executive chairman – also a separate post from the CEO, unlike an executive chairman, a non-executive chairman does not interfere in day-to-day company matters. Across the world, many companies have separated the roles of chairman and CEO, often resulting in a non-executive chairman, saying that this move improves corporate governance.
- Chief of Staff is a corporate level manager who has overall responsibility for the staff activity within the company who often would have responsibility of hiring and firing of the highest level managers. They can work with and report directly to Directors and the chief executive officer.
- Commissioner
- Financial Control Officer, FCO or FC, also Comptroller or Controller – supervises accounting and financial reporting within an organization
- President – legally recognized highest "titled" corporate officer, and reports directly to the of the board of directors. There is much variation; often the CEO also holds the title of president.
- Secretary or company secretary – legally recognized "titled" corporate officer who reports to the board of directors and is responsible for keeping the records of the board and the company. This title is often concurrently held by the treasurer in a dual position called secretary-treasurer; both positions may be concurrently held by the CFO. Note, however, that the Secretary has a reporting line to the board of directors, regardless of any other reporting lines conferred by concurrent titles.
- Treasurer – legally recognized corporate officer entrusted with the fiduciary responsibility of caring for company funds. Often this title is held concurrently with that of secretary in a dual role called secretary-treasurer. It can also be held concurrently with the title of CFO or fall under the jurisdiction of one, though the CFO tends to oversee the finance department instead, which deals with accounting and audits, while the treasurer deals directly with company funds. Note, however, that the treasurer has a reporting line to the board of directors, regardless of any other reporting lines conferred by concurrent titles.
- Superintendent
- Owner (sometimes proprietor or sole proprietor, for sole proprietorships)
- Partner – Used in many different ways. This may indicate a co-owner as in a legal partnership or may be used in a general way to refer to a broad class of employees or temporary/contract workers who are often assigned field or customer service work. Associate is often used in a similar way.
- Vice Chair or Vice Chairman – officer of the board of directors who may stand in for the chairman in his/her absence. However, this type of vice chairman title on its own usually has only an advisory role and not an operational one. An unrelated definition of vice chair describes an executive who is higher ranking or has more seniority than executive vice president. Sometimes, EVPs report to the vice chair, who in turn reports directly to the CEO (so vice chairs in effect constitute an additional layer of management), other vice chairs have more responsibilities but are otherwise on an equal tier with EVPs.
Middle Management[]
- Supervisor
- Foreman
- General manager or GM
- Manager
- Of Counsel – A lawyer working on a part-time or temporary basis for a company or law firm.
- Vice president – Middle or upper manager in a corporation. They often appear in various hierarchical layers such as executive vice president, senior vice president, associate vice president, or assistant vice president, with EVP usually considered the highest and usually reporting to the CEO or president. Many times, corporate officers such as the CFO, COO, CIO, CTO, secretary, or treasurer will concurrently hold vice president titles, commonly EVP or SVP. Vice presidents in small companies are also referred to as chiefs of a certain division, such as vice president for finance, or vice president for administration.
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List of chief officer (CxO) titles[]
| Title | Postnominal | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| chief experience officer | CXO | Responsible for user experience, overseeing user experience design and user interface design. “CXO” is not to be confused with “CxO”, a term commonly used when referring to any one of various chief officers. |
| chief web officer | CWO | Responsible for the web presence of the company and usually for the entire online presence, including intranet and internet(web, mobile apps, other). |
| chief executive officer | CEO | Responsible for the overall vision and direction of an organization, making the final decisions over all of the corporation's operations. The highest-ranking management officer; often also the chairman of the board. |
| chief audit executive | CAE | Responsible for the internal audit. |
| chief business officer | CBO | Responsible for the administrative, financial, and operations management of the organization, often combining the roles of chief administrative officer (CAO), chief financial officer (CFO), and chief operating officer (COO). |
| chief technology officer | CTO | Responsible for technology and research and development, overseeing the development of technology to be commercialized. (For an information technology company, the subject matter would be similar to the CIO's; however, the CTO's focus is technology for the firm to sell versus technology used for facilitating the firm's own operations.). Sometimes called chief technical officer. |
| chief strategy officer | CSO | Responsible for strategy, usually business strategy, including strategic planning and strategic management. Assists the chief executive officer with developing, communicating, executing, and sustaining strategy. Sometimes called chief strategic planning officer (CSPO). |
| chief networking officer | CNO | Responsible for social capital within the company and between the company and its partners. |
| chief security officer | CSO | Responsible for security, including physical security, network security, and many other kinds. |
| chief medical officer | CMO | Responsible for scientific and medical excellence, especially in pharmaceutical companies, health systems, hospitals, and integrated provider networks. The title is used in many countries for the senior government official who advises on matters of public health importance. In the latter sense compare also Chief Dental Officer and Chief Dental Officer. |
| chief science officer | CSO | Responsible for science, usually applied science, including research and development and new technologies. Sometimes called chief scientist. |
| chief sales officer | CSO | Responsible for sales. |
| chief risk officer | CRO | Responsible for risk management, ensuring that risk is avoided, controlled, accepted, or transferred and that opportunities are not missed. Sometimes called chief risk management officer (CRMO). |
| chief research officer | CRO | Responsible for research. |
| chief research and development officer | CRDO | Responsible for research and development. |
| chief quality officer | CQO | Responsible for quality and quality assurance, setting up quality goals and ensuring that those goals continue to be met over time. |
| chief procurement officer | CPO | Responsible for procurement, sourcing goods and services and negotiating prices and contracts. |
| chief compliance officer | CCO | Responsible for overseeing and managing regulatory compliance. |
| chief legal officer | CLO | Responsible for overseeing and identifying legal issues in all departments and their interrelation, as well as corporate governance and business policy. Often called general counsel (GC) or chief counsel. |
| chief design officer | CDO | Responsible for overseeing all design aspects of a company's products and services, including product design, graphic design, user experience design, industrial design, and package design, and possibly aspects of advertising, marketing, and engineering. |
| chief accounting officer | CAO | Responsible for overseeing all accounting and bookkeeping functions, ensuring that ledger accounts, financial statements, and cost control systems are operating effectively. |
| chief nursing officer | CNO | Responsible for nursing. |
| chief revenue officer | CRO | Responsible for measuring and maximizing revenue. |
| chief marketing officer | CMO | Responsible for marketing; job may include sales management, product development, distribution channel management, marketing communications (including advertising and promotions), pricing, market research, and customer service. |
| chief knowledge officer | CKO | Responsible for managing intellectual capital and knowledge management. |
| chief learning officer | CLO | Responsible for learning and training. |
| chief investment officer | CIO | Responsible for investment and/or for the asset liability management (ALM) of typical large financial institutions such as insurers, banks and/or pension funds. |
| chief innovation officer | CINO | Responsible for innovation. |
| chief information technology officer | CITO | Responsible for information technology. Often equivalent to chief information officer (CIO) and, in a company that sells IT, chief technology officer (CTO). |
| chief information officer | CIO | Responsible for information technology (IT), particularly in IT companies or companies that rely heavily on an IT infrastructure. |
| chief information security officer | CISO | Responsible for information security. |
| chief sustainability officer | CSO | Responsible for environmental/sustainability programs. |
| chief data officer | CDO | Responsible for enterprise-wide governance and utilization of information and data as assets, via data processing, data analysis, data mining, information trading, and other means. |
| chief diversity officer | CDO | Responsible for diversity and inclusion, including diversity training and equal employment opportunity. |
| chief content officer | CCO | Responsible for developing and commissioning content (media) for broadcasting channels and multimedia exploitation. |
| chief architect | CA | Responsible for designing systems for high availability and scalability, specifically in technology companies. Often called enterprise architect (EA). |
| chief visionary officer | CVO | Responsible for defining corporate vision, business strategy, and working plans. |
| chief analytics officer | CAO | Responsible for data analysis and interpretation. |
| chief customer officer | CCO | Responsible for customer relationship management. |
| chief communications officer | CCO | Responsible for communications to employees, shareholders, media, bloggers, influencers, the press, the community, and the public. Practical application of communication studies. |
| chief commercial officer | CCO | Responsible for commercial strategy and development. |
| chief process officer | CPO | Responsible for business processes and applied process theory, defining rules, policies, and guidelines to ensure that the main objectives follow the company strategy as well as establishing control mechanisms. |
| chief operating officer | COO | Responsible for business operations, including operations management, operations research, and (when applicable) manufacturing operations; role is highly contingent and situational, changing from company to company and even from a CEO to their successor within the same company. Often called “director of operations” in the nonprofit sector. |
| chief business development officer | CBDO | Responsible for business development plans, design and implementation of processes to support business growth. |
| chief administrative officer | CAO | Responsible for business administration, including daily operations and overall performance. |
| chief gaming officer | CGO | Responsible for both the game development and the online/offline publishing functions of a company that makes video games. |
| chief privacy officer | CPO | Responsible for all the privacy of the data in an organization, including privacy policy enforcement. |
| chief product officer | CPO | Responsible for all product-related matters. The Chief Product Officer (CPO) is to the business’s product what the Chief Technology Officer is to technology. The responsibilities of the CPO are inclusive of product vision, product strategy, user experience, product design, product development, and product marketing. |
| chief human resources officer | CHRO | Responsible for all aspects of human resource management and industrial relations. |
| chief financial officer | CFO | Responsible for all aspects of finances. |
| chief digital officer | CDO | Responsible for adoption of digital technologies, digital consumer experiences, the process of digital transformation, and devising and executing social strategies. |
| chief development officer | CDO | Responsible for activities developing the business, usually through added products, added clients, markets or segments. |
| chief academic officer | CAO | Responsible for academic administration at universities and other higher education institutions. |
| chief brand officer | CBO | Responsible for a brand's image, experience, and promise, and propagating it throughout all aspects of the company, overseeing marketing, advertising, design, public relations and customer service departments. |
| chief creative officer | CCO | In one sense of the term, responsible for the overall look and feel of marketing, media, and branding. In another sense, similar to chief design officer. |
| chief value officer | CVO | Ensure that all programs, actions, new products, services and investments create and capture customer value |
| chief planetary officer | CPO | Responsible for running planets that A.C.R.E. (obenstibly) controls the governments of such as Demnoph and Yakiyah. |